(Bloomberg) — Federal Reserve Chairman Ben S. Bernanke can’t go it alone when it comes to reviving the U.S.housing market.

Fed policy makers, who start a two-day meeting today, are considering buying mortgage-backed securities to push down borrowing costs and help homeowners refinance their debt. That would reduce monthly payments, freeing up cash for other purchases that could spur the economy and reduce unemployment, Fed Governor Daniel Tarullo said Oct. 20.

Such an effort would save homeowners $60 billion to $80 billion a year, or about 0.5 percent of gross domestic product, so long as the Obama administration succeeds in helping homeowners through a stepped-up refinancing aid plan, said Joseph Gagnon, a former Fed economist. Should the program fail, Fed asset-buying would probably provide homeowners less than half its potential savings, said Gagnon, a senior fellow at the Peterson Institute for International Economics inWashington.

“The Achilles’heel of the Fed’s efforts so far has been that the monetary-policy transmission has not worked as they would like because of, in large part, the inability of consumers to get loans” for homes and other purchases, said Ward McCarthy, chief financial economist at Jefferies & Co. in New York.

Refinancing Program

(The Federal Housing Finance Agency said Oct. 24 it will let qualified homeowners refinance mortgages regardless of how much their houses have dropped in value, expanding terms of the 2009 Home Affordable Refinance Program, which has fallen 80 percent short of the goal of reaching 5 million borrowers. The FHFA estimates the changes will help generate about 900,000 refinanced loans by the end of 2013. If the alterations to the so-called HARP plan don’t spur refinancing, any Fed purchases of mortgage bonds would bring limited benefits, said McCarthy, a former Fed researcher.

(The Federal Open Market Committee, which has kept its benchmark interest rate near zero since December 2008, plans tomorrow to release a statement and economic projections from governors and regional Fed presidents. Bernanke is scheduled to hold a press conference at 2:15 p.m., his first since June and third since the Fed started the briefings in April.

(Central bank officials may not be ready this week to pull the trigger on more bond-buying because of an increase this year in core inflation, which excludes food and fuel costs, Gagnon said. Once policy makers see slowing price gains for another month or two, “they will then feel empowered, indeed driven,” to restart asset purchases, he said.

‘Top of the List’

(Tarullo, in a speech in New York last month, said additional mortgage-securities purchases should “move back up toward the top of the list of options” because “the aggregate -demand effect should be felt not just in new-home purchases, but also in the added purchasing power of existing homeowners who are able to refinance.” Fed Vice Chairman Janet Yellen said Oct. 21 that a third round of asset purchases “might become appropriate” if the economy’s state warranted additional stimulus.

(“I don’t know how you could embark on a program of buying agency mortgages thinking you’re going to stimulate more refinancing,” said Bryan Whalen, co-head of mortgage bonds at Los Angeles-based TCW Group Inc., which oversees $120 billion in assets. “It’s not a rate issue, it’s a qualification issue.”

(The average rate on a typical 30-year fixed mortgage fell to a record low 3.94 percent in October, from this year’s high of 5.05 percent, before climbing to 4.10 percent last week, according to Freddie Mac survey data. In September, the FOMC voted to reinvest proceeds from maturing housing debt into mortgage-backed securities, switching from Treasuries.

Record Easing

(New York Fed President William C. Dudley said Oct. 24 that removing “impediments” to the transmission of monetary stimulus would make the central bank’s record easing more effective. The FHFA’s plan to make it easier for borrowers with high loan-to-value ratios to refinance is “a step in the right direction,” he said, adding he hoped additional measures would follow.

(Bernanke said in congressional testimony last month that the Fed needs help from other branches of government to aid the economy. “Monetary policy can be a powerful tool, but it is not a panacea for the problems currently faced by theU.S.economy,” he told the Joint Economic Committee Oct. 4.

(Gagnon urged the central bank to target a 30-year mortgage rate of 3 percent to 3.5 percent by buying as much as $2 trillion of mortgage-backed securities. While boosting stocks and supporting property prices, Fed asset purchases may help create at least 3 million jobs, he said in an Oct. 24 blog titled “The Last Bullet.”

Out of Reach

(“The Fed could do stuff, and it would help, but there would be a lot of people who without HARP couldn’t take advantage of it,” Gagnon said in a telephone interview.

(Reduced home prices and tightened lending standards have slowed the pace of replacement home loans. The Mortgage Bankers Association forecast on Oct. 11 that refinancing this year would total $783 billion, down from $1.1 trillion last year, even amid lower interest rates. Refinancing peaked at a record $2.5 trillion in 2003.

(Stanford University Professor John Taylor, best known for the Taylor Rule formula that suggests how the Fed should set its benchmark interest rate, said more Fed purchases of mortgage bonds are unlikely to reduce loan rates.

(Another round of purchases wouldn’t cut rates “appreciably, and not really in any predictable way,” Taylor, an economic adviser to House Republican lawmakers, said in a phone interview.

‘Difficult to Detect’

(Taylor and one of his graduate students, Johannes Stroebel, wrote a paper arguing that “it is difficult to detect a significant effect” from Fed purchases of mortgage bonds totaling $1.25 trillion from January 2009 to March 2010.

(Gagnon, co-author of a Fed study that found the bond buying lowered borrowing costs and helped the economy, disputed Stroebel andTaylor’s findings, saying they focused on the impact of the actual purchases, rather than the announcement.

(A May 2011 Bank of Canada review of research into central bank bond-buying said the Fed’s MBS purchases “appear to have eased mortgage-market conditions.” At the same time, the Fed’s $600 billion, second round of bond purchases, undertaken from November 2010 through June of this year, probably had a “more modest” effect because of fewer “distortions” in financial markets and the economy at the time, the Canadian central bank’s researchers said.

(Without the administration program sparking more refinancing, Fed asset purchases won’t be of much help to the housing market, says Stephen Stanley, chief economist at Pierpont Securities LLC inStamford,Connecticut, who opposes further bond-buying.

(“If the pipeline is stuck, then it doesn’t matter if mortgage rates are 4 percent, 3.5 percent or zero,” said Stanley, a former Richmond Fed researcher.

Happy Valentine’s Day!  Now, I know today is a day devoted to love, but I figure it can’t hurt to sprinkle in some real estate chat too.  The two topics just might have more in common than you think.

Like love, our housing market can be impossible to understand, but that doesn’t stop us from trying to figure it out.  I think the mystic of the market (& love) captivates us to know what others think about it.  That’s probably why my annual market forecasts are the most widely read posts on this blog (read last year’s here).

So here it goes…my attempt to figure it out…Matt’s 2011 Market Forecast.  No love talk here, though; just economics.  As usual, my forecast focuses on three categories in the Sacramento real estate market: housing supply, housing demand, and mortgage interest rates.  I will recap 2010 and give you my best guess for what lies ahead in 2011!

Supply
’10 Projection: Inventory will be higher in 2010 (than 2009) as banks release more homes for sale and more short-sale listings are successfully sold.

’10 Result: Nearly 60% more homes are currently for sale compared to the end of 2009 (see chart above).  These increases were largely due to more homeowners looking to short-sale their properties and more banks releasing homes for sale.  Unfortunately, this increase in supply was not met by an increase in demand (more on that in a minute), and the amount of homes sitting on the market (known as inventory) is currently at an uncomfortably high 3.6 months.
’11 Projection: Short-sales and bank-owned properties will remain the primary sale types in Sacramento.  Additionally, an emerging sale type, the government-owned home, will become more prevalent this year.  The Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) has been forced to foreclose on an increasing number of FHA-held loans originated in recent years.  While the Making Home Affordable Foreclosure Alternative (HAFA) program was mostly unsuccessful in 2010, I am optimistic that improvements will be made this year that enable more short-sale listings to successfully close.

Demand
’10 Projection: Demand will still be high as buyers confidently (and rightfully) believe the bottom of the cycle is here.
’10 Result:  The bottom certainly seems to be here with respect to Sacramento county’s median home price.  In fact, it has increased 1.6% over the last two years.  First-time home buyers and real estate investors continue to make up the majority of current home buyers.  The overall pace of sales last year declined remarkably after the federal 1^st-time home buyer tax credit expired in June 2010, indicating the market was propped up with artificial measures more than originally thought.
’11 Projection: Total home sales will be lower this year compared to 2010.  Although the bottom has arrived, it may be here to stay for some time.  Some potential home buyers may be reluctant to commit to a home purchase with looming job and other economic concerns and the absence of alluring tax credits.  Real estate investors, however, will be looking to purchase in abundance as rental rates are on the rise…11.6% nationally! (read this article for more details about these rising rental prices).

Interest Rates
’10 Projection: Despite wide-spread concern of drastically rising rates, I believe rates will stay well below 6%.
’10 Result: What a wild ride for mortgage rates in 2010!  While many worried of rates rising in April after The Fed stopped purchasing mortgages, rates actually plummeted for the first six months after the Feds exit from the market.  Towards end of the year, rates steadily climbed out of record-low territory.  In September I coined the 4^th quarter as “Crunch Time” (read September’s blog post here) and encouraged clients and readers to consider refinancing before rates rose.  Thankfully, many heard that message as I helped more folks refinance in the 4^th quarter of 2010 compared to any other 3-month period in my career.  30-year fixed rates rounded out the year hovering just below 5%, which was close to where they started the year.
’11 Projection: Mortgage rates will continue to be influened by politics more than economics, but in a very different way.  While I predict the Feds will stop trying to manipulate the mortgage and bond rate markets at some point this year, legislation from Congress will drastically impact mortgage rates.  MASSIVE financial reform regulations are scheduled to start in April 2011 that change how borrower’s closing costs are disclosed and paid for.  While unintended, these reform changes will increase the cost of obtaining a loan.  Furthermore, Congress is currently considering largely downsizing Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac’s participation in the mortgage market.  If this is done, mortgage rates will likely increase as banks must shoulder the risk of holding more mortgage loans rather than selling them to Fannie or Freddie.

In summary, 2011 will not be a rebound year from recent market challenges, but rather a continuation on our road to recovery.  American job creation & stability, mortgage financing availability & affordabiliity, and unpredictable legislative action will direct the market this year.  A healthy real estate market is within our sights, but we likely have another 18 months before we see a balance between home supply and buyer demand.  Until then, it will remain a buyers market largely comprised of 1^st-time home buyers and real estate investors.

Do you have different thoughts and forecasts for 2011 housing?  I’d love for you to share them here.  Please leave a comment with your opinions, and let the chatter begin.

Mr. B. obtained a $300,000 mortgage at 6% in 2001.  His payment is $1798/month, and now his mortgage balance is $257,000 with 21 years left.  By refinancing to a 15 year fixed at 3.75%, his payment will be $70/higher and he will pay his mortgage off 6 years faster…avoiding $130,000 in monthly payments!!!  In short, Mr. B. will pay $70/month and save $130,000…talk about a wise investment!

Numbers don’t lie.  Give us a call so we can discuss your options of becoming mortgage-free faster than ever before.

I can’t believe we’re already heading into the final quarter of 2010.  It seems that Avery, my youngest daughter, was born just a few weeks ago, but now she’s walking around and Mary is sending out invites for her 1^st birthday party next month!  What happened?   

Looking forward…the coming months typically are the slowest ones of the year for my business.  After all, it’s more enjoyable for a homeowner to plan a holiday party than to take time to sell, buy, or refinance their home! This year’s 4^th quarter, however, homeowners have much more at stake with their finances. 

Mortgage rates have hit ROCK BOTTOM, enabling homeowners to save money, consolidate debt, or reposition home equity to other investments during these difficult economic times.  Unfortunately, many have not even inquired or pursued their refinance options.  Some hesitate upon hearing horror stories about other’s experiences; many wrongly assume they don’t qualify. 

If you have not yet assessed your refinance options, I urge you to look at the upcoming 4th quarter as “crunch time” and act now before rates go back up.  Crunch-time players don’t hesitate; they know what’s at stake and they take action.  Do you need to take action and save  money in this economy?  In other words…will you be a crunch-time player with your mortgage? 

To encourage you to step up your game, I am going to offer a FREE GIFT to those who contact me to review their refinance options.  There’s no pressure here; just an honest professional looking to honestly serve you before time runs out. 

Be Like Mike…step up and take the shot at refinancing before time runs out.

 In sports, the 4^th quarter is the last chance to make a difference as the clock winds down and the pressure rises up.  The same is true for your mortgage as we enter the year’s 4th quarter.  Rates will likely be heading higher as we approach the November mid-term elections (politics play a bigger role in the mortgage market than ever before)…so time is running out. 

As a special offer only for only my blog readers, I will give a $10 iTunes gift card* for calling me in crunch-time and simply discussing your refinance options.  If we discover options, we’ll celebrate the wise play you made and the money I’ll help you save.  If not, you at least get to download some music & get to know me so you have a mortgage broker and REALTOR to trust down the road when you need to buy, sell, or finance real estate.

I look forward to hearing from you.

*To qualify for the $10 iTunes gift card, just give me a call and complete a loan application within the next 30 days.  That’s it!

One of my (and my clients’!) favorite refinance options is back…the no-cost refinance.   They were missing from the market for the last 18 months for a number of reasons, but now they’ve returned and I already have many clients taking advantage of them.  These refinance programs allow a homeowner to refinance to a lower rate and not pay a penny in closing costs.  Like everything, there are pros and cons to these creative options.  Let me explain further.

When a borrower considers the cost of a loan, they must factor two things: the rate and the closing costs.  Many focus on getting the lowest rate possible, but borrowers must realize that lower rates always have higher fees.  Conversely, higher rates have lower fees…sometimes no fees at all.  That’s where the no-cost option comes into play.

A no-cost refinance allows the borrower to pay a slightly higher rate than the standard rate offered by the bank and in return the bank pays the closing costs for them.  There truly are no closing costs paid or financed by the borrower.  These options come in handy for the following homeowners who want to reduce their monthly payment but:

1.) plan to sell their home in the near future, thus shouldn’t incur significant closing costs for short-term monthly savings
2.) can’t afford to pay or finance closing costs
3.) recently paid closing costs on a loan (either to buy their home or to do a previous refinance) and can’t stomach coughing up thousands more again to refinance
4.) prefer to “hedge their bets,” meaning they’d like to refinance for free now yet want to save their closing cost money for later as they believe interest rates may fall further in the near future.

Most of the no-cost refinances I’m quoting on 30-year fixed loans are currently at 5% (for loans over $250,000).  Would you like a 5% rate for free?  That’s not a bad deal.  If you’re interested, call me to discuss your options further.  Don’t assume you don’t qualify.  Also, if you are a reader and client who has taken advantage of a no-cost refinance in the past, please post a comment sharing your experience with and motivation for a no-cost refinance.

In February I posted in my 2010 Market Forecast that I thought mortgage rates would remain low this year in spite of the phase-out of the Fed’s massive involvement in the mortgage-backed-securities market.  That phase-out was completed earlier this week, and just today I read an article  that supports my theory.  Yes, the Fed is out, but private investors are back buying mortgages, and willing to do so at lower yields meaning lower interest rates for borrowers.

The article has a fair amount of financial jargon, but the crux of it is investors are back buying mortgages because of 1.) more capital due to improving financial markets; 2.) lower risk due to tighter lending requirements and stabilizing real estate markets; & 3.) continued subdued inflation.  Read the whole Bllomberg article written by  Kathleen M. Howley by clicking this link.

With so many variables to the housing market, I focus my predictions on three broad categories: supply, demand, and interest rates.

Supply
‘09 Projection: Supply will remain low until April because many banks opted to not foreclose on properties during December and January…The number of homes for sale will roller-coaster up and down throughout the year, and end up close to it’s current level.
‘09 Result: The low supply of homes was the biggest real estate surprise in 2009.  Instead of the up and down roller-coaster trend I had predicted, the number of homes for sale continued to drop throughout the year (see graph). 

Currently, the Sacramento area has nearly ½ the number of homes for sale compared to a year ago.  Let me repeat…50% less homes for sale!  In my opinion, the reduced inventory of homes was the single, largest factor in stabilizing home values; more influential than tax incentives or low interest rates.  The surprising low number of homes for sale was likely due to “phantom inventory,” homes banks have foreclosed on but have not put back on the market for resale.  This decision by the banks has reduced the ratio of bank owned homes for sale on the market from 1 in 3 in December 2008 to nearly 1 in 6 currently.
’10 Projection: Inventory will be higher than 2009 levels.  Banks will begin to release more of their shadow inventory, and more short-sale listings will be successfully sold as improved processes are implemented.  Most major mortgage servicing companies are preparing to adopt streamlined, universal short-sale policies proposed by the Home Affordable Foreclosure Alternatives (HAFA) program.  If this program proves effective, more “upside-down” home owners will be inclined to sell and more home buyers will pursue short-sale properties. 

Demand
’09 Projection: While the global economic crisis has raised fears as to whether home prices will continue to fall, I believe low prices, low interest rates, and tax incentives will keep entry-level buyers extremely active in 2009.
‘09 Result: Gobs of 1^st-timers purchased homes in 2009.  Since May of ‘09, Sacramento county homes priced under $200,000 have, on average, sold for more than asking price; a clear sign of strong buyer demand as buyers compete with each other.  For the first time in 4 years, the county’s median home price increased.

’10 Projection: Tax incentives will no longer be necessary to entice people to buy homes, and so the current tax credits will expire on April 30^th, 2010 and not renews.  Sacramento saw a 4.8% INCREASE in the median home price over 2009 (see above), and this small yet steady rise will continue into 2010.  Demand will still be high in 2010 as buyers confidently (and rightfully) believe the bottom of the cycle is here.

Interest Rates
’09 Projection: With continued government intervention, mortgage rates will remain well below 6% for the year.  Lending guidelines will remain tight, but those able to qualify will have unbelievable refinance and home buying opportunities.
‘09 Result: In 2009 the Federal Reserve Bank bought 1.25 TRILLION DOLLARS in mortgage-backed-securities to keep mortgage rates low.  They did so because traditional investors refused to buy mortgages…they had lost faith in the system.  When the government swept in, interest rates immediately dropped more than a full percent, and fixed rates remained near 5% for most of 2009.
’10 Projection: Many predict mortgage rates to skyrocket above 6.0% in the coming months and stop any type of real estate market recovery.  The Fed has announced they will pull out of the mortgage-backed-securities market in March 2010.  The simple line of thinking is that rates were above 6% before the Fed got involved, so they’ll go back above 6% when they get out.  I don’t agree with this argument.  When the government intervened back in November 2008, the financial world seemed to be crumbling.  Investors were running scared from everything, including mortgages.  Fast-forward to February 2010 and things are immensely better.  They’re not great, but they are better.  Investors are now looking to buy assets again, but they want safety.  Mortgages have become a much safer investment as lending standards have tightened and home values in many areas have stopped falling.  If investors are ready again to buy mortgages (which I think they are), then that means they’ll be willing to do so at lower interest rates.  So, while I do expect mortgage rates to rise this year compared to 2009 levels, 30-yr fixed rates will stay below 6%.

Add it all up, and 2010 will be a year of recovery for Sacramento real estate.  Systemic challenges still abound, but overall this year will continue to be a wonderful time for home buyers, with now through April being the ideal time with low rates, low prices, and big tax incentives.  Tax credits to 1^st-time and “move-up” buyers expire on April 30^th.  If you’ve been considering buying a home for either personal or investment purposes, give me a call to discuss your options and see if you can take advantage of these ideal factors.

Thanks for reading.

If you are an eligible homeowner who would benefit from a refinance, I encourage you to act now before rates go up.  Contact me and I’d be happy to determine what options you may have.

I watched the movie Wall Street last week (1980s classic with Michael Douglas and Charlie Sheen), and I had to laugh at the scenes of the stock market trading floor where traders are buying and selling stocks in a frenzy during a stock market rally.  I chuckled, thinking things don’t work like that anymore with increased technology and market efficiencies in today’s stock market.  The days of frenzied brokers are a thing of the past, I thought!

Ironically, I found myself today inside the frenzied pit of a mortgage market rally as mortgage interest rates have plummeted below 5% for conforming 30 year fixed loans, below 4.5% for 15 year fixed loans, and 4.25% for 10 year fixed loans!  I’ve tried to be on the phone with as many clients as possible because, as with any market rally, you never know when it will stop and you don’t want your clients to miss the boat.  I was just like those crazed traders on the trading floor trying to get great deals for my clients before the deals are gone!

As the day winds down, rates have continued to remain incredibly low for qualified home owners and buyers.  Tomorrow has the potential to be an even better day with a very important unemployment report scheduled to be released.  If our country’s monthly unemployment report shows higher than expected unemployment numbers, mortgage rates may fall even more!!!  If you want to talk about your refinance options, please give me a call as soon as possible to discuss your options.  Or, please let your friends and family know that you heard from your awesome mortgage and real estate consultant for life that mortgage rates are low and they too should consider refinancing or buying.  Regardless, I appreciate you reading my memos.  Now, I’ve got to slip my colored jacket back on, dive into the pit, and get back to locking more low rates!